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Maca grows strong in the challenging Andean environment, flourishing above 4,000 meters. It’s a plant from Peru, found in high places like the Andes mountains. People have known about it since the 1800s when a German botanist named Gerhard Walpers found it [1]. Packed with essential nutrients like amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, Maca is nature’s nutritional treasure. Maca contains unique compounds called macaenes and macamides, adding to its nutritional value and health benefits. Maca comes in different colours – yellow, red and black each with its own set of nutrients, showcasing nature’s diversity. It also has special compounds called macaenes and macamides and minerals like iron, calcium, copper, zinc and potassium.
You now know that Maca contains special compounds. Let’s now find out how these compounds offer multiple health benefits and why maca root is often called an adaptogen.
Maca has been cherished for centuries in Andean culture for its health benefits and is now celebrated globally as a superfood. Emerging research suggests maca may offer various health benefits, from supporting fertility and hormone balance to boosting the immune system and uplifting mood. Maca is believed to boost energy, sharpen focus and uplift overall vitality, making it a nutritious addition to a healthy lifestyle.
Maca has been part of Peruvian life for a long time. People there use it in cooking and traditional medicine. They say it helps with energy, sexual function, alertness, focus, mood and immunity [2,3]. Now, you can find maca in stores all over the world, not just in Peru!
Now, let’s explore, based on research and evidence, how maca can be beneficial for multiple health benefits.
Research examined how maca extracts affect sperm production, focusing on black, yellow and red varieties. In 4-month-old Holtzman rats, while yellow and red maca extracts showed no effect, black maca improved sperm counts and motility. After 42 days, black maca significantly increased sperm production and motility compared to other groups. Hormone levels, including testosterone and estradiol, remained consistent throughout the study [4,5,6].
This study shows the amazing potential of black Maca for boosting male fertility. Unlike the yellow and red varieties, black maca significantly increases sperm count and motility in just 42 days, without changing hormone levels. If you’re looking for a natural way to improve reproductive health, black maca could be the solution.
Further study by Ohta et al. explored the hormonal effects of Maca consumption in young male Wistar rats. Rats were given powdered maca extract for six weeks, resulting in increased serum testosterone levels after 42 days. This may stimulate Leydig cells involved in testosterone production. Although hormonal changes occurred, prostate gland weight remained unchanged. However, rat weight progressively increased [7,8].
This study shows Maca’s potential to naturally boost testosterone levels. After six weeks of use, it increased serum testosterone in young male rats without affecting prostate weight. If you’re seeking a natural way to enhance your testosterone levels safely, Maca might be your answer.
Maca Root is beneficial in alleviating menopausal symptoms experienced by women entering early menopause. Researcher H.O. Meissner et al. conducted double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials using Maca capsules, specially prepared for easy digestion. The trials involved twenty Caucasian women in early menopause over a three-month period and eight volunteers aged 45-62 years over nine months. Various serum hormone profiles were analyzed, including luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogen (E2) and progesterone (PG) in women. Also, participants completed the Green Menopause Index, a questionnaire assessing symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, rapid heartbeat, and sleep difficulties [9].
The results revealed a reduction in menopausal symptoms, with most women experiencing a significant improvement in discomfort associated with menopause. Reported benefits included reduced nervousness, improved sleep quality, enhanced concentration, increased energy levels, fewer headaches, and decreased night sweats. Moreover, a decrease in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels was observed both in the short and long term. Although progesterone levels remained largely unaffected, there was a notable increase in blood luteinizing hormone (LH) and Estrogen (E2) levels. The authors propose that maca, administered in capsule form, could serve as a viable alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the future [9].
Maca Root can be an amazing adaptogen for women entering menopause. By simply taking Maca capsules for a few months, women experienced remarkable relief from symptoms like hot flashes and sleep troubles. They felt less nervous, slept better and had more energy. Even better, their hormones, like luteinizing hormone (LH) and Estrogen (E2), found balance without any major side effects. Maca offers a natural solution to menopausal discomfort, making this phase of life easier to navigate. Say goodbye to troublesome symptoms and embrace menopause with confidence, thanks to Maca Root!
Imagine a natural supplement that could boost brain power even in the face of aging or hormonal changes. In a study, female mice experiencing menopause symptoms showed significant cognitive improvements after just 35 days of consuming black maca extract. They excelled in the step-down avoidance test (where they learned to avoid a mild shock) and the Morris water maze (where they navigated to find a hidden platform). This is thanks to Maca’s polyphenols, powerful antioxidants that reduce oxidative stress in brain tissue and enhance learning and memory. Isn’t that amazing? This is just one reason maca is called an adaptogen, it helps the body adapt and thrive under various conditions [10].
And the wonders of maca don’t stop there. In another study, male mice with memory problems caused by scopolamine (a drug that induces temporary memory loss) showed remarkable improvements after consuming black maca extract. They had shorter swimming distances and better scores in the step-down avoidance test compared to those not given Maca. What’s fascinating is that maca didn’t affect monoamine oxidase (MAO, an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin), but it significantly reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter crucial for learning and memory). Did you know that maca extract also fights against memory issues caused by ethanol in male mice? This highlights Maca’s incredible potential to protect against cognitive decline caused by various substances [10,11]. This adaptogenic quality of Maca, where it supports and enhances brain function under stress, makes it truly special.
What’s even more exciting is how Maca supports brain health over the long term. In a study involving older male mice, Maca supplementation for five weeks led to an increase in proteins crucial for brain health. These mice had higher levels of LC3-II (light chain) protein, a better LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, and an increase in autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7). This means Maca helps remove damaged cells and supports overall brain health. Plus, it boosts mitochondrial respiration, further proving its neuroprotective effects. Isn’t that incredible? Maca’s ability to enhance cognitive function and protect brain cells over time tells us it`s potential as an adaptogen, helping the body maintain balance and health even under stress [12,13,14].
Now you know why Maca is celebrated as an adaptogen. Maca’s powerful combination of antioxidants, memory-boosting compounds and neuroprotective effects make it a fantastic addition to support brain health. By reducing oxidative stress, enhancing learning and memory and promoting the health of brain cells, Maca shows promise as a natural supplement for maintaining and improving cognitive function. Whether you’re looking to boost your brain power, protect against cognitive decline, or simply support overall brain health, Maca could be the perfect addition to your routine. Stick around for more amazing insights about Maca and its incredible benefits!
First, let’s understand Maca’s components. Maca extract contains essential compounds such as alkaloids, amides, fatty acids and isothiocyanates. When directly administered into the bloodstream, these components can efficiently reach the brain [14].
Research on rats has shown that Maca can significantly reduce brain cell damage caused by tumors, particularly when given at doses of 10 and 30 mg per kilogram of body weight [14]. Also, it helps maintain the normal shape of brain cells and lowers the risk of heart attacks, highlighting its protective effects.
Maca’s methanol extract exhibits potent antioxidant properties, especially in its water-based fraction. Lab experiments have revealed that Maca extract can enhance cell survival and mitigate damage caused by oxidative stress [14]. Furthermore, Maca appears to enhance the activity of enzymes involved in managing oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase, which combats harmful molecules [15]. It also aids in the removal of harmful free radicals, further reinforcing its protective effects.
In summary, Maca has shown impressive abilities to protect brain cells from damage, particularly from tumors and oxidative stress. Its nutrients efficiently reach the brain, helping to support cell survival and counteract harmful effects. With its strong antioxidant properties, Maca could be a valuable natural ingredient for maintaining cognitive health and fighting against oxidative stress.
Studies on cells associated with Parkinson’s disease indicate that pre-treatment with Maca extract can boost cell survival, particularly at a dose of 10 μg over 12 hours [14]. This suggests that Maca may help slow down cognitive decline linked to Parkinson’s disease and improve overall cell health, possibly through actions on mitochondria [13].
Maca’s remarkable potential to shield brain cells and enhance cognitive function could be a natural option for supporting brain health. With its multiple health benefits, Maca could serve as a valuable addition to one’s wellness regimen.
Maca can help fight oxidative stress, which can damage our cells. A study on diabetic Wistar rats revealed some interesting insights. Researchers gave petroleum ether extracts of black, yellow, and purple Maca at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 90 days. The black Maca extract had the highest concentration of macamides, which are beneficial compounds. After 60 days, the diabetic rats showed a significant decrease in TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and carbonylated proteins, both markers of oxidative stress. This means lipid oxidation, a harmful process, was reduced [16]. Also, Maca extracts boosted the activity of powerful antioxidants like SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) and increased the number of red blood cells. Of all the types studied, purple Maca showed the strongest antioxidant activity. This shows Maca’s potential to combat oxidative damage and support overall health.
Maca also supports heart and liver health. In another study, researchers gave Wistar rats a 1% Maca solution along with a high-sugar diet. These rats had high plasma glucose levels, over 14.82 mmol/L. During the supplementation period, the researchers monitored levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein, often called “bad” cholesterol), total cholesterol, and serum triacylglycerol (TAG), as well as VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) levels in the liver. The results were impressive: Maca supplementation led to a decrease in blood glucose levels and decrease in LDL and VLDL lipoproteins. Also, levels of GSH (Glutathione) increased in the liver [16,17]. This suggests that maca could be useful in treating and preventing chronic conditions like high cholesterol, fatty liver, oxidative stress and impaired glucose regulation.
Maca isn’t just about fighting stress and improving heart health, it also boosts energy and endurance. In a study using a soluble yellow maca lipid extract containing macamides, researchers treated rats with 100 mg/kg and tested the extract’s effects on swimming and energy depletion. The results were remarkable: the rats showed reduced serum LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) levels, a marker of muscle damage, and lower TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, a measure used to assess the level of lipid peroxidation, which indicates oxidative damage to lipids (fats) in tissues), indicating less lipid oxidation in muscle tissues. Moreover, the levels of catalase in the liver and glutathione (GSH) in both muscle and liver were higher than in the control group that did not receive maca [18]. After 3 weeks of maca supplementation, the rats demonstrated significantly improved swim strength and endurance in a dose-dependent manner.
This study concluded that maca helps reduce post-exercise oxidative stress, which explains the improved endurance.
Let’s now look into how maca affects our immune system. Researchers have found that maca contains special compounds called polysaccharides, known as MP21. These compounds are mainly made up of natural sugars like rhamnose, arabinose and galactose. In lab tests, MP21 has shown promise in boosting our immune response by activating certain cells called macrophages [19].
But that’s not the only benefit, maca’s polysaccharides also seem to help fight fatigue. While we’re still figuring out exactly how they do this, it’s clear that maca has some interesting effects on our overall health [20]. As we learn more about how maca affects our immune system, it opens up new possibilities for improving our health. So, let’s keep exploring and see what else maca has in store for us!
Next, let’s talk about a fascinating topic – Maca and mood! As an adaptogen, maca can help improve our emotional well-being.
In a study involving 90 male Kunming mice, researchers looked into how maca affects behavior, especially under stress. They gave the mice different doses of maca extract by mouth: 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. These doses helped see how maca affects behavior. They also gave some mice fluoxetine, an antidepressant, at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight [21].
After using maca, especially at higher doses, the mice had less corticosterone in their blood [21]. Corticosterone is a stress hormone, so less of it means less stress.
Plus, when they looked at the mice’s brain tissue after 6 weeks, they saw something interesting. Mice that got maca had more noradrenaline and dopamine in their brains. These are chemicals linked to mood, so more of them might mean a better mood. They also noticed that the mice’s brains had fewer reactive oxygen species (ROS) when they took maca. ROS are molecules that can cause stress in the body, and less of them could mean less stress overall [21].
These findings suggest that maca could help with depression. But the researchers say we need to learn more about which parts of maca are doing this. If we understand that better, we might be able to make even better treatments for depression.
| Effect | Research based Evidence |
| Antidepressant Effects | In animal studies, Maca showed potential as an antidepressant by reducing signs of depression and improving mood [22, 23]. |
| Anti-inflammatory Effects | Maca extract before exercise may reduce muscle damage and stress levels, similar to caffeine. This suggests that Maca has anti-inflammatory properties that can help alleviate exercise-induced inflammation and muscle fatigue [24,25]. |
| Antioxidant Effects | Maca extract may reduce oxidative stress in muscles, helping them recover faster after exercise. Oxidative stress occurs when there’s an imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals, leading to cell damage. Maca’s antioxidant properties help combat this stress and promote muscle recovery [26]. |
| Anti-stress Effects | Maca extract improved stress markers in animals, including reducing ulcers and stress hormone levels. This indicates that Maca has adaptogenic properties, meaning it helps the body adapt to and cope with stress more effectively [27]. |
| Central Nervous System Effects | Compounds in Maca might influence mood and cognition by affecting the central nervous system. One such compound is (1R,3S)-1-methyltetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, which has been reported to have various effects on the central nervous system, including mood regulation and cognitive enhancement [28,29]. |
| Cognitive Effects | Maca improved memory and learning abilities in animal studies, suggesting its potential to enhance cognitive function. This could be beneficial for individuals looking to improve their memory, concentration, and overall cognitive performance [30,31]. |
| Exercise Effects | Maca extracts increased physical performance and reduced muscle fatigue in animal studies, similar to caffeine. This suggests that Maca can enhance exercise performance and endurance, making it a potential natural supplement for athletes and active individuals [32]. |
| Fertility Effects | Maca extract increased fertility in female animals, but its effects on embryo implantation are inconclusive. This indicates that Maca may have potential benefits for reproductive health, particularly in enhancing fertility [33]. |
| Immunostimulant Effects | Diets supplemented with Maca increased white blood cell counts in animals, but its effects on human immunity are unclear. This suggests that Maca may have immunostimulant properties that can enhance immune function, although more research is needed to understand its effects on human immunity [34,35]. |
| Osteoporosis Effects | Maca extract prevented bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency in animal studies. This indicates that Maca may have potential benefits in preventing osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakened and brittle bones [36,37]. |
| Reproductive Effects | Maca increased sexual activity and corrected erectile dysfunction in animal models. It also improved sperm production and quality in male animals. However, its effects on human reproduction need further investigation. Maca contains macaene and macamide, which are believed to play a role in its reproductive effects. These compounds may enhance sexual function and improve fertility in both men and women [38,39,40,41,42,43]. |
All the studies mentioned above were conducted on animals. Human studies are needed to confirm these findings and fully understand Maca’s effects.
Maca is a powerful adaptogen, which means it helps the body adapt to stress and supports overall health [25]. This plant shows great promise as a natural remedy for preventing many diseases. Dried Maca is packed with beneficial nutrients like amino acids, mineral salts, iodine, iron, and magnesium. These nutrients give Maca its unique health-boosting properties. Also, Maca is rich in antioxidants, which help protect the body from damage caused by harmful molecules [26]. Some studies even suggest that a specific component in Maca, known as MP-1 (a type of polysaccharide, which is a long chain of sugar molecules), might help prevent alcoholic liver damage (ALD) in humans.
Maca is not just good for physical health, it also benefits the brain. Research indicates that Maca can improve memory and learning. Even more exciting are studies showing that Maca has neuroprotective effects, meaning it can help protect nerve cells in the brain. However, recent reports suggest that claims about Maca’s impact on reproductive health might be exaggerated. More human studies are needed to clarify this [27].
While research so far has shown that Maca has tremendous potential, more studies are necessary before it can be widely recommended. Future research should include detailed studies at the molecular level to understand exactly how Maca works in the body. Also, while Maca has not been shown to be harmful or toxic, further research is needed to confirm its safety.
As we continue to explore Maca’s benefits, we open up new possibilities for improving our health and well-being. Let’s keep an eye on future research to see what else Maca has in store for us!
Maca appears to be generally safe for consumption, with no significant evidence of causing severe adverse effects or posing notable safety concerns. However, it is advisable not to consume raw Maca instead, the root should be properly boiled or dehydrated before consumption. Throughout its history in Peru, Maca has been utilized for both culinary and medicinal purposes for thousands of years, with instances of ingestion exceeding 100 grams per day [43].
Ever find yourself feeling low on energy, struggling to focus, or seeking a boost in your sexual health and overall well-being? It happens to the best of us. But guess what? We’ve got just the thing to turn it all around- Fihi Nutrition Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate!
Maca isn’t just any ordinary ingredient, it’s a powerhouse of benefits! From boosting energy levels to enhancing focus and even supporting sexual health, Maca does it all. We’re not just making claims out of thin air. Nope, every benefit we mention is backed by solid research and evidence. Want proof? Check out references [1 to 43] they’re all about the incredible benefits of Maca!
But wait, there’s more! We didn’t just stop at offering Maca, we went the extra mile and infused it into everyone’s favorite treat – chocolate! Because let’s face it, Maca by itself isn’t the tastiest, but in chocolate form? It’s simply irresistible! So, not only are you indulging in delicious chocolatey goodness, but you’re also nourishing your body with the power of Maca.
So why wait? Click on the link below and treat yourself to Fihi Nutrition Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate. It’s the delicious and nutritious snack you never knew you needed!
Link: https://fihinutrition.com/product/energy-maca-lemon-assorted-dark-chocolate/
Ingredients:
– 1 teaspoon maca powder
– 1 cup almond milk (or any milk of choice)
– 1 tablespoon honey or maple syrup
– 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon
– 1/4 teaspoon vanilla extract
Instructions:
1. In a small saucepan, heat almond milk over medium heat until warmed but not boiling.
2. Stir in maca powder, honey or maple syrup, ground cinnamon, and vanilla extract.
3. Whisk until well combined and frothy.
4. Pour into a mug and serve warm. Enjoy your comforting and nutritious maca root latte!
Ingredients:
– 1 cup rolled oats
– 1/2 cup almond butter
– 1/4 cup honey or maple syrup
– 2 tablespoons maca powder
– 1/4 cup chopped nuts (such as almonds or cashews)
– 1/4 cup dried fruit (such as raisins or cranberries)
Instructions:
1. In a large mixing bowl, combine rolled oats, almond butter, honey or maple syrup, and maca powder.
2. Fold in chopped nuts and dried fruit until evenly distributed.
3. Press the mixture firmly into a lined baking dish.
4. Refrigerate for at least 1 hour to set.
5. Once set, cut into bars or squares.
6. Store in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to one week. Enjoy these nutritious and energizing maca root energy bars as a snack on-the-go!
Ingredients:
– 1 bowl of Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate
– 1/2 cup almond flour
– 2 tablespoons coconut oil
– Shredded coconut, cocoa powder, or crushed nuts (for coating)
Instructions:
1. In a microwave-safe bowl, melt Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate with coconut oil in 30-second intervals until smooth.
2. Stir in almond flour until well combined.
3. Chill the mixture in the refrigerator for about 15-20 minutes to firm up slightly.
4. Once the mixture is firm enough to handle, roll it into small bliss balls.
5. Roll the bliss balls in shredded coconut, cocoa powder, or crushed nuts for coating.
6. Place the bliss balls on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and chill until firm.
7. Serve and enjoy these indulgent and nutritious maca chocolate energy bliss balls!
Ingredients:
– 1 cup almond milk
– 1 ripe banana
– 1 bowl of Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate
– 1 tablespoon almond butter
– Ice cubes (optional)
Instructions:
1. In a blender, combine almond milk, ripe banana, Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate, almond butter and ice cubes (if using).
2. Blend until smooth and creamy.
3. Pour the smoothie into glasses and serve immediately.
4. Optionally, garnish with a slice of banana or a sprinkle of cocoa powder.
5. Enjoy this delicious and nutritious maca chocolate banana smoothie as a satisfying snack or breakfast option!
Ingredients:
– 1 bowl of Fihi Nutrition`s Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate
– 1/4 cup mixed nuts (such as almonds, cashews, and walnuts)
– 2 tablespoons mixed seeds (such as pumpkin seeds and sunflower seeds)
– Sea salt flakes (optional, for topping)
Instructions:
1. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
2. In a microwave-safe bowl, melt Energy Maca Lemon Assorted Chocolate in 30-second intervals until smooth.
3. Pour the melted chocolate onto the prepared baking sheet and spread it out evenly with a spatula.
4. Sprinkle mixed nuts and seeds evenly over the melted chocolate.
5. If desired, sprinkle sea salt flakes lightly over the top for a sweet and salty contrast.
6. Place the baking sheet in the refrigerator for about 30 minutes to allow the chocolate to set.
7. Once set, break the chocolate bark into smaller pieces.
8. Serve and enjoy this delicious and nutritious maca chocolate bark as a satisfying snack or dessert option!
We’re preparing tutorials for our Fihi Nutrition Special Recipes Edition, showcasing delicious recipes made with Fihi Nutrition adaptogen chocolates. Can’t wait to share them with you!
Want to see a specific recipe featured on our social media? Let us know, and we’ll make it happen. Get ready for some delicious and healthy recipe tutorials! Stay tuned!
Which adaptogen recipe would you like us to feature? Comment below, and you could be the lucky one to receive the recipe firsthand!
Disclaimer: This website is for informational purposes only and does not provide medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional, such as a doctor or dietitian, before making any changes to your diet, lifestyle, or health practices. The information provided should not be considered as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Love Fihi Nutrition’s adaptogen chocolates? Tell us what you think or ask us anything in the comments below. Our team, including our nutritionist, is here to chat and help you out. Let’s talk about tasty and healthy chocolates together!
Want more adaptogen chocolate updates? Follow Fihi Nutrition on @fihinutrition on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/fihinutrition?igsh=MWZ0OXFjNWI2aG5ybA== to see our newest flavors, recipes and special deals. Join our community of chocolate and health fans. Enjoy the goodness of adaptogen chocolates with Fihi Nutrition!
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6. Gonzales, G. F., Córdova, A., Vega, K., Chung, A., Villena, A., & Góñez, C. (2003). Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a root with aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing properties, on serum reproductive hormone levels in adult healthy men. The Journal of endocrinology, 176(1), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1760163
7. Ohta, Y., Kawate, N., Inaba, T., Morii, H., Takahashi, K., & Tamada, H. (2017). Feeding hydroalcoholic extract powder of Lepidium meyenii (maca) enhances testicular gene expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rats. Andrologia, 49(10), 10.1111/and.12792. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12792
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9.Meissner, H. O., Kapczynski, W., Mscisz, A., & Lutomski, J. (2005). Use of gelatinized maca (lepidium peruvianum) in early postmenopausal women. International journal of biomedical science : IJBS, 1(1), 33–45.
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11. Liu X, Rubio J, Qiong W, Jiang Z, Dang H, Chen SL, et al. Aqueous extract of black maca (Lepidium meyenii) on memory impairment induced by ovariectomy in mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:253958.
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13. Guo, S. S., Gao, X. F., Gu, Y. R., Wan, Z. X., Lu, A. M., Qin, Z. H., & Luo, L. (2016). Preservation of Cognitive Function by Lepidium meyenii (Maca) Is Associated with Improvement of Mitochondrial Activity and Upregulation of Autophagy-Related Proteins in Middle-Aged Mouse Cortex. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2016, 4394261. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4394261
14. Rodríguez-Huamán Á, Casimiro-Gonzales S, Chávez-Pérez JA, Gonzales-Arimborgo C, Cisneros-Fernández R, Aguilar-Mendoza LÁ, et al. Antioxidant and neuroprotector effect of Lepidium meyenii (maca) methanol leaf extract against 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2017;27(4):279-85.
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20. Li, J., Sun, Q., Meng, Q., Wang, L., Xiong, W., & Zhang, L. (2017). Anti-fatigue activity of polysaccharide fractions from Lepidium meyenii Walp. (maca). International journal of biological macromolecules, 95, 1305–1311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.031
21. Zhang M, Wu W, Ren Y, Li X, Tang Y, Min T, et al. Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Lepidium meyenii (Maca) and analysis of its regulatory function in macrophage polarization in vitro. J Agric Food Chem. 2017;65(6):1146-57.
22. Ai Z, Cheng A-F, Yu Y-T, Yu L-J, Jin W. Antidepressant-like behavioral, anatomical, and biochemical effects of petroleum ether extract from Maca (Lepidium meyenii) in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress. J Med Food [Internet]. 2014;17(5):535-42.
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